A lot of people dont understand where emacs keybindings come from. I am going to give some reasons to what seems to be random keys and some ways to remember them. First lets get some of the obvious things out of the way for most emacs users.
Basics
Emacs uses the term Meta for Alt. This is because the original keyboard had a Meta key and not a Alt key. Most movement/editing keys are a single modifier and a letter because that is very easy to press when compared to multiple modifiers or one key after another. You can think of this like vims normal mode. If you want to string commands together you can just hold the modifier. Lastly each command has letters based on mnemonics of the function name not the location. Stuff like next-line is C-n. Another thing is that keybindings do similar commands with different sizes with more modifiers. C-f moves forward one line and M-f moves forward one word, lastly C-M-f moves forward a paragraph. This isnt just for movement as M-x and C-x are kinda similar and C-w is cut while M-w is copy. Normally you want to have commands that you dont do one after another which emacs does pretty well for most cases.
Prefixes
Another thing that emacs does is use a common prefix for groups of commands. The most common one used is C-x which is a general prefix for everything that is global (stuff like changing windows and saving buffers). C-x also has like things either mnemonic or next to each other. C-x 1 through C-x 4 are all about window movement for example. C-c is for user and major/minor mode commands.
Other applications
Emacs keybinds are actually used outside of emacs too. These binds dont have prefixes and are mostly JUST for movement. The two areas I know of are command line and macOS text buffers. Thats right most of macOS supports emacs keybinds while most of linux doesnt. Even vscode and sublime text support these by default inside macOS. This is mainly because macOS tells the application to use the command key (windows key) and alt for general purpose stuff and reserves control for the system. This also includes applications like safari (which is why people get confused when C-a doesnt work to highlight all like in windows). Command line is another use and is MUCH better then modal keybinds simply because you arent editing command line commands, only typing them. There are even tricks like up arrow and !! to avoid having to edit this.